Rheumatoid Arthritis is a musculoskeletal disorder and more specifically an autoimmune and diffuse connective tissue disorder. Onset is usually between the ages of 20 – 40 and the joints most typically affected are the hands, feet, wrists, ankles and knees.

What causes Rheumatoid Arthritis?

While the cause remains unknown there are a number of theories. Although classified as an autoimmune disorder it is unknown as to what triggers the immune reaction that causes the body to develop antibodies against joint tissue components.

Other theories include a genetic factor as it would appear that around 70% of people with this condition are children of parents or a parent who Rheumatoid Arthritis.

It is however felt that the environment (lifestyle and diet) may also contribute to the development of the disease. It is suggested that when there is increased intestinal permeability, as would be the case with say Leaky Gut, circulating toxins may leak out of the intestines into the bloodstream where they could act as antigens.

The immune system may create antibodies against them and the coupling of the antigens with the antibodies can create immune complexes, which have a tendency to deposit in the joint tissue.

Symptoms can include:

• Fatigue, low grade fever, weakness, weight loss

• Inflammatory process begins in the small joints and then progresses to the other joints

• Morning stiffness longer than one hour

• Pain on motion or tenderness of at least one joint

• Swelling of small joints of hands or wrists

• Arthritis of three or more joints

• Symmetric arthritis (involvement of the same joint on both sides of the body)

• Rheumatoid nodules (under the skin, on bony prominences)

Medical treatment includes:

• Corticosteroids
• Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
• Gold injections

Nutritional and holistic approach:

• Identification of any food sensitivities. .

• Good management of any digestive disorders including Leaky gut

• Support the immune system

• Look at allergy testing and eliminate anything that might be causing an allergic reaction. It has been suggested that those who have Rheumatoid Arthritis would benefit from a diet rich in fruits, vegetables and fiber and low in refined sugar and refined fats.

• Stress Management

• A number of supplements are also often recommended:

o Omega 3 fatty acids to help reduce inflammation

o Vitamin C to support the immune system and collagen fibers and neutralize inflammation

o Selenium and Vitamin are also thought to have a beneficial effect in diminishing inflammation.

• And of course there are our wonderful essential oils.

o Alternating hot and cold compresses are useful as they relax the muscles and have an analgesic effect.

o Boost the immune system with essential oils such as eucalyptus, hyssop, manuka, niaouli, ravintsara, tea tree and vetiver . Baths, massage, diffusers, misters and body products are all effective ways of using the oils for this purpose.

o Detoxifying essential oils such as juniper, cypress, fennel and lemon can help the body eliminate toxins. They should be used in massage oils and baths.

o Analgesic and anti-inflammatory oils such as German chamomile, clove bud, eucalyptus, ginger, sweet marjoram and rosemary can be used in baths, local massage and compresses on the affected joints.

o Stimulate circulation with warming oils such as black pepper, ginger and marjoram applied in baths, local massage or compresses on the affected joints.

o Depending on the individual’s preference the essential oils can be added to ointments, creams, lotions and gels for regular topical application.

o Essential oils are of course fantastic for stress management and there are many oils to choose from for this purpose. Whether in baths, massage, a diffuser, or a spray, essential oils can transport one to a completely different space.

One should always be aware of any contraindications to any of the oils when blending and this should be taken into consideration when creating the synergies. Also where possible do consider the individual’s own aroma preferences.

Beverley Hawkins
West Coast Institute of Aromatherapy

http://www.westcoastaromatherapy.com

Visit Diffuser World for the Finest Aromatherapy Supplies

The information in this article is for educational purposes only, and is not intended as medical advice.

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Aromatherapy is typically associated with complementary and alternative medicine. It uses essential oils and other scented compounds from plants for the purpose of affecting a person’s mood or health.

Aromatherapy can be used to heal symptoms of physical, psychological and emotional discomfort when women move into the perimenopause and menopause years. This phase of life can represent more than half of their adult life if she lives to be 80 years old. So, we need all the menopause relief we can get!

Menopause is typically defined as the time when a woman’s menstrual cycle stops for at least 12 months. But what about the years leading up to that final stopping point? There are many reported symptoms of what physicians now refer to as perimenopause that can begin as early as 30 for some women, but typically starts after 45.

Symptoms seem to vary in degree based on numerous other factors in a woman’s life including diet, sleep and exercise habits, emotional well-being, relationships as well as other psychological factors. Things such as irritability, anxiety, memory lapses, or mood swings, night sweats and hot flashes are commonly reported – all due to the hormonal shifts happening because of our biological clocks changing.

About 75% of all women experience hot flashes, night sweats, weight gain, an increase in cholesterol levels, decreased libido which may last for years; as well as long-term effects that can include vaginal dryness and urinary problems.

Fortunately, these unpleasant symptoms can be prevented, reduced and relieved by:

· Finding the right diet, eliminating sugar and caffeine

· Getting the right kind of sleep

· Performing stress relief practices such as meditation

· Drinking plenty of water (at least 64 oz per day)

· Taking high-grade nutritional supplements

· Possibly supplementing bioidentical hormones

· Regular exercise, and

· Adopting some complementary therapies such as yoga, tai chi, spa therapy or holistic aromatherapy

This is a time in life when achieving balance is critical to a woman’s health. All of these things will also help to reduce the risk of age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease, breast cancer, osteoporosis and diabetes.

For a list of detailed menopause symptoms please visit http://www.everythingmenopause.com/menopausesymptoms.htm

To read more about How to Conquer Menopause, go to www.howtoconquermeonpause.com

Aromatherapy has been practiced for over 2,000 years and uses distilled essences obtained for the leaf, stem, flower, fruit peel, bark and/or root of a tree.

When the essential oils release their aromatic molecules into the air they not only carry a pleasant fragrance to the olfactory bulb in your nose, they also cause a response from the limbic system of the brain. This area of our brain works in conjunction with the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus region to regulate a person’s hormonal activity.

These scents can trigger the production of hormones that govern your appetite, body temperature, insulin production, overall metabolism, as well as stress levels and sex drive.

Essential oils can positively affect all of these functions through your sense of smell which is your most complex and sensitive sense. For example, your sense of smell is over 10,000 times more sensitive than taste and researchers have shown that aroma can cause a brain reaction.

Stress, anxiety and psychosomatic-induced problems are particularly helped by aromatherapy. Other symptoms such as muscular and rheumatic pains, digestive disorders, PMS and postnatal depression are also highly improved by these aromatic scents.

Essential oils are very concentrated and their properties are potent. They contain molecules small enough to enter your skin. These oils need to be diluted with a carrier oil (except lavender and tea tree) before applying directly on the skin. You can also use a vaporizer, spray; put them in a bath, cold or hot compress, or use in a perfume. Essential oils are also fantastic in a massage.

Some recommended essential oils for menopausal women:

Visit Diffuser World for the Finest Aromatherapy Supplies

The information in this article is for educational purposes only, and is not intended as medical advice.

I am often asked whether there are any essential oils that can help one to stop smoking. The truth of the matter is that a number of people have found using aromatherapy and essential oils to be very helpful when they want to quit smoking. One of the best ways seems to be to put a single note oil or a synergy into an inhaler.

These little plastic inhalers are great when it comes to something just one person wants to sniff at but if you don’t have any blank inhalers then a drop or two of your synergy on a tissue, cotton ball or sniffing strip work just as well. You could also sniff directly out of the bottle but because the essential oil molecules remain trapped inside the bottle the aroma doesn’t develop as well as when it is fully exposed to the air.

So which essential oils are the best to use? Well people have had success with quite a few different oils. For instance one of our students reported that while taking the 101 course she found that working with bergamot took away all her cravings for cigarettes and so she was able to give up smoking very easily. I have not been able to find any research to back this up but the fact is that it worked for her. However there has been a study done on using the essential oil of black pepper to help quit smoking and so this is definitely an oil to consider using.

When considering which oils to use in your synergy also keep in mind the emotional swings the person is experiencing and symptoms. You can always add essential oils to your synergy that will help to deal with these, for instance if they are feeling aggitated because they are on withdrawal add something calming Roman chamomile, Clary Sage, Ylang Ylang are three that pop into my mind as I write this. Using essential oils and essential oil synergies are a simple but very effective way to help one through something that is more often than not very challenging.

Rose JE, Behm FM.Nicotine Research Laboratory (151-S), V.A. Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705.

Previous studies have suggested that sensory cues associated with cigarette smoking can suppress certain smoking withdrawal symptoms, including craving for cigarettes. In this study we investigated the subjective effects of a cigarette substitute delivering a vapor of black pepper essential oil. Forty-eight cigarette smokers participated in a 3-h session conducted after overnight deprivation from smoking. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: one group of smokers puffed on a device that delivered a vapor from essential oil of black pepper; a second group puffed on the device with a mint/menthol cartridge, and a third group used a device containing an empty cartridge. Subjects puffed and inhaled ad libitum from the device throughout the session during which no smoking was allowed. Reported craving for cigarettes was significantly reduced in the pepper condition relative to each of the two control conditions. In addition, negative affect and somatic symptoms of anxiety were alleviated in the pepper condition relative to the unflavored placebo. The intensity of sensations in the chest was also significantly higher for the pepper condition. These results support the view that respiratory tract sensations are important in alleviating smoking withdrawal symptoms. Cigarette substitutes delivering pepper constituents may prove useful in smoking cessation treatment.
PMID: 8033760 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Contact this Author: Beverley Hawkins
West Coast Institute of Aromatherapy

http://www.westcoastaromatherapy.com

Visit Diffuser World for the Finest Aromatherapy Supplies

The information in this article is for educational purposes only, and is not intended as medical advice.

Although today we are seeing more advertisements for “Aromatherapy” products for anything from dish detergents to household fragrance, the truth is that essential oils have long been used as an ingredient in many regular freely available products. Essential oils are used all the time for flavouring in the Food Industry and are found in many products including alcoholic and non alcoholic beverages, frozen dairy products, candy, backed goods, gelatins and puddings, meat and meat products and fats and oils.

However the amount of essential oils to be found in these products is in fact very small. The actual amount used will depend on the essential oil being used but it is in the region of about 0.003% to 0.1%. So in fact very little goes a long, long way. The Cosmetic Industry uses many essential oils extensively as a fragrance component in soaps and detergents. They are also used in creams, lotions and perfumes. Again the maximum safe use level dilution will depend on the essential oil in question but it will be well under 1%. So you can see that we are all exposed to small amounts of essential oil every day hidden in all sorts of products. Most people who have problems with fragrance will find that their intolerance is to the man made fragrance oils and not the genuine essential oil.

During pregnancy women are often much more sensitive to aromas then usual, a good built in safety mechanism. So while pregnant women will be exposed to the essential oils contained in many products in the same way as the rest of us are the amount of essential oil in these products is very small. However when it comes to using essential oils for their therapeutic and emotional properties and creating unique blends and synergies care should be exercised. While there is some controversy as to whether essential oils, in their entirety, are able to penetrate the skin, it is accepted that at least some of the components found in essential oils do indeed find their way through the skin and through inhalation into the bloodstream.

The reason for contra-indicating the use of many essential oils during pregnancy is not always because of the fear of causing a miscarriage but more often because of the fact that these essential oil components once in the mother’s bloodstream are able to pass across the placenta into the developing fetus. Experience has shown that using certain essential oils in very low dilutions no more than ½ – 1% during pregnancy is quite safe. However the old adage, when in doubt – don’t, remains true.

The level of active essential oil components finding their way into the bloodstream varies depending on the method of application.

1. Internal Use. The most potentially toxic and hazardous method of using essential oils is through Internal Use. By ingesting the oils or using them in suppositories the whole essential oil, and all of its components, find there way directly into the body. So unless one has had extensive training in this area, and very few people have, this is something that should be avoided altogether, not only during pregnancy.

2. 2. Application to the skin. When essential oils are applied topically to the skin the absorption rate into the body is slower and more selective than through internal use. Not all the essential oil applied to the skin will be absorbed and find its way into the bloodstream. Some of the essential oil will in fact evaporate off into the air. Things to keep in mind when choosing essential oils to be applied in this way includes whether they have any cautions with respect to skin sensitizing, phototoxicity or skin irritation. When applying essential oils topically during pregnancy stay with blends that are in dilutions of 1% or less. When essential oils have been applied topically one can’t help but smell them so some of the molecules will also find their way into the body through inhalation. An easy rule of thumb would be that for every 2 teaspoons of carrier oil used (10ml) you use 1 drop of essential oil or essential oil synergy for ½% dilution or 1 drop of essential oil or essential oil synergy to ever 1 teaspoon of carrier (5ml) for a 1% dilution.

3. Inhalations. Here the essential oil molecules are dispersed into the air and then breathed in. Some of these molecules will be absorbed in the lungs and find their way into the bloodstream while the rest of the molecules will be breathed out. Once again we would use lower dilutions for pregnant ladies, in any case as mentioned above their sense of smell is often heightened at this time and so they can only tolerated higher dilutions.
How cautious you need to be during pregnancy will depend on the individual. If one is prone to miscarriage or problem pregnancies it might be best to avoid most essential oils until later on in the pregnancy. Having given you all the precautions and warnings I do have to say as well that using essential oils during pregnancy can be very helpful, one just needs to limit the oils one uses to those that are safer at this time and one does need to keep the percentage of essential oil used right down.

Rather than give the laundry list of the essential oils to avoid during pregnancy it might be easier to list those that are considered safe to use: Bergamot, clary sage, frankincense, geranium, grapefruit, lavender, lemon, mandarin, sweet marjoram, neroli, orange, patchouli, petitgrain, rose, rosewood, sandalwood, tangerine, vetiver and ylang ylang are generally safe to use after the first trimester. It is recommended that one use caution during the first trimester and avoid the use of most essential oils where possible.

Some blends to consider:

• Morning Sickness: I have had a lot of success my Morning Sickness Blend which is 3 parts lavender, 1 part ginger. I make this up first and then add just 1 drop of synergy to every 10ml of carrier oil. I like to use the 10ml roll on applicators. I have also found that this can be helpful for headaches.
• Stretch Marks: 1 drop of mandarin in 10 mls of jojoba oil and apply to tummy, buttocks and thighs.

Beverley Hawkins
West Coast Institute of Aromatherapy

http://www.westcoastaromatherapy.com

Visit Diffuser World for the Finest Aromatherapy Supplies

The information in this article is for educational purposes only, and is not intended as medical advice.

Fungal Infections, particularly of the skin, are quite common, and while they are not usually serious conditions they can be very difficult to eradicate. Because of their structure and chemical make up fungi are difficult to kill and this leads to fungal infections becoming chronic and difficult to get rid of.

There is an article on Essential Oil Properties – Anti-Fungal on the Newsletter page of my website where you will find more information on fungi.

One of the most common, and persistent fungal infections around is Athlete’s Foot -Tinea pedis. This is caused by the ringworm infections Trichophyton rubrum; Trichophyton interdigitale; Epidermophyton floccosum.

There are three distinct forms that are commonly seen:
Fissures form between the toes, in the web of the toes and is itchy.
Some patches may affect the soles and the sides of the feet. This can become widespread and can lead to blisters that are usually itchy.
Dry scaly changes affecting the whole plantar surface and extending up the sides of the foot producing a demarcation line. This can spread to the to of the foot as well, and is often treated as eczema or psoriasis. Nail infection often accompanies they type.

Ways to use essential oils to help combat this would include the following:
Soaking the feet in warm foot bath with essential oils every day. Make sure to dry well between the toes.
Massage in a gel, lotion or cream with essential oils into the affected area every day.

Essential Oils that research has shown to be effective against the Trichophyton species include:

Citrus limonum – lemon; Cymbopogon citratus – lemongrass; Foeniculum vulgare – fennel; Lavandula angustifolia (officinalis) – lavender; Melaleuca alternifolia – tea tree; Melissa officinalis – melissa; Ocimum basilicum – basil; Ocimum gratissimum – wild basil; Pelagonium graveolens – geranium; Rosmarinus officinalis – rosemary; Thymus vulgaris – thyme; Vetiveria zizanioides – vetiver.

Essential Oils that research has shown to be effective against the Epidermophyton species include: Citrus limonum – lemon; Cymbopogon citratus – lemongrass; Foeniculum vulgare – fennel; Melaleuca alternifolia – tea tree; Mentha spicata – spearmint.

Armed with this information it makes sense that one would first try essential oils or essential oil synergies drawn for these oils. However, one must keep in mind that because of the tenaciousness of fungal infections as a whole, one must be prepared to continue the treatment over a period of time in order to see results. A minimum of a month is generally recommended and sometimes depending on the strain and the severity it might take up to a year to affect a change.

One of my personal favorite essential oil to use for fungal infections is Cymbopogon martini – Palmarosa and I came across this abstract recently:

In vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of essential oils of Cymbopogon martini and Chenopodium ambrosioides and their synergism against dermatophytes Chandra Shekhar Prasad, Ravindra Shukla, Ashok Kumar and N. K. Dubey

Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India Correspondence to Prof. N. K. Dubey, Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India. Accepted for publication 24 November 2008

The present study was carried out to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of essential oils (EO) of Cymbopogon martini, Chenopodium ambrosioides and of their combination against dermatophytes and some filamentous fungi in vitro as well as in vivo using a guinea pig model. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of EOs and of their combination were found between 150 and 500 ppm, while those of known antifungal drugs ranged from 1000 to 5500 ppm.

EO ointments were prepared and applied against induced ringworm in guinea pig model and disease removal was observed in 7–21 days, and the hair samples showed negative results for fungal culture in a time-dependent manner after the application of EO ointments. Chemical constituents of EOs were determined by GC–MS. Both the EOs and their combination displayed strong antifungal effects. The results provide a scientific validation for the use of these EOs in the treatment of dermatophyte infections and may be recommended as an alternative to synthetic drug for topical application.

Author: Beverley Hawkins
West Coast Institute of Aromatherapy

http://www.westcoastaromatherapy.com

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The information in this article is for educational purposes only, and is not intended as medical advice.

Yadira rifles through this story of Hawayo Takata only to find that the book isn’t really about what you might expect… It’s less, yet so much more! Confused?

Hawayo Takata has been something of an enigma in the world of Reiki: some have nothing but praise for her, others question some of her practices, but almost all are universally thankful for the part she played in spreading Reiki around the world. Now, I confess that this is another one of those books that I’ve had for quite some time now, but I thought it would be fun to write down my first impressions of it here for you to read; they haven’t changed much, so I think it’s appropriate.

When I first picked up this book, my motives for buying it were simply to learn more about Hawayo Takata in the face of all the controversy surrounding her, and given the apparent closeness of the author to the lady in question, I thought it would provide me with a very insightful look at her story. By the time I closed the back cover, I distinctly recall that I had been impressed by what I’d read, but for some entirely unexpected reasons, and this is where I shall begin my review… From the title of the book, “Hawayo Takata’s Story”, you might expect to have in your hands a book about the story of Hawayo Takata.

Well, this is true in part. The book does contain the aforementioned story, but it is told and finished with during the first third of the book. Hawayo K. Takata Enlarge Image Hawayo K. Takata Photograph by Gunter Baylow From the back cover (and from additional references within), you might expect this book to have been written by someone who was particularly close to Hawayo Takata: “Helen J. Haberly… tells the story as it was given to her by Hawayo Takata, her teacher and friend” reads the back cover, and “In her visits to the Pacific Northwest I came to know Hawayo Takata both as a teacher and friend, and when in 1980 she asked me to write her life story with Reiki, I was honored to do so” reads the preface.

On reading the book however, I was disappointed to find that there were no interesting stories or anecdotes arising, as you might expect, from the author having shared a close friendship with Takata. Indeed, what is told appears to be solely from the perspective of a student who once attended Takata’s classes. Opinions are offered, but it is hard to shake the feeling that they are drawn simply from general observation and familiarity rather than anything much more than that. (You won’t for example find anything along the lines of “Takata always used to say to me such and such”, or “one evening over dinner this happened”, or “Takata and I were once doing xyz when…”.)

So if like me, you were hoping to get a particularly insightful perspective from someone who genuinely knew Takata well, then this sadly is not something that is in evidence within the pages of this book. Perhaps the author chose not to include the more personal aspects of her relationship with Takata, or perhaps someone in the book publisher’s marketing department chose to make more of the bond between the author and Takata than there might really have been — after all, it is easy to consider someone as a friend without truly knowing them that well. If it is the latter, then it is a real shame because the book has more than enough to make it stand on its own two feet without the use of such unnecessary ploys.

So if the opening words of this review paint a somewhat puzzling picture, what do we have in our hands then? Well, believe it or not, still a real gem of a book! Buy Reiki: Hawayo Takata’s Story by Helen J. Haberly using this link and 10% of proceeds go to charity! Buy Reiki: Hawayo Takata’s Story by Helen J. Haberly from Amazon.com To qualify: add the book to your Amazon shopping basket straight after you click on the link otherwise the donation may not register. You can always remove it from your basket later. Let me first say that this is a short book (112 pages), so do not expect to come away with an in–depth study of the story of Hawayo Takata from reading this — even the author makes it clear that “this is a story — not a history — as Hawayo Takata told it”.

Yet despite being bite–sized, it remains a thoroughly engaging read and well worth digesting. Here’s why: Firstly, of course, there is the story of the life of Takata as she herself told it to her students. It is a fascinating read on several levels. Firstly, there is no denying that this is a very well told and heart–warming tale. The language used is reminiscent of the best fairytales, and yes, in places it is hard to ignore that events do appear to take on an overly fanciful or romanticized hue, but even so it remains both an uplifting and inspiring story; one of faith overcoming adversity through tragedy then joy. Secondly it is intriguing simply because of the insights it provides into Takata’s life: we are treated to peeks into her young childhood, experience the joy and the tragedy she found later in marriage, feel her anguish at the debilitating illnesses she faced, and ultimately, we follow her down the path that all of these events put her on: to the clinic of Chujiro Hayashi in Japan, and to becoming a Reiki Master who would go on to heal and teach so many others. Chujiro Hayashi Enlarge Image Chujiro Hayashi From an uncredited source.

But to me, the story is even more special simply because of the fact that all of the “little white lies” or “embellishments” remain present and intact within it; all of the things that have now been verified from independent research as not having been quite true are there. (For those that do not know, this includes such things as portraying the founder of Reiki, Mikao Usui, as a Christian rather than a Buddhist; promoting Reiki teaching as an oral rather than a written tradition; and many other such discrepancies.) Some argue that these changes were made on purpose to make Reiki more acceptable to Western tastes and perceived culture, while the more skeptical say it was simply for Takata’s personal gain as a Reiki Master who undoubtedly charged very high fees.

While few would argue that she was not a woman who knew very well how to go about achieving her goals, which in itself is an admirable quality, questions do arise as to where exactly she drew the lines between business success and the benefit of others. Whatever the true case might have been, while reading the story I couldn’t help trying to spot all of the discrepancies and thinking about what Takata’s true motives might have been.

For example, did Dr. Hayashi really end his own life in the mystifying and almost hauntingly romantic manner in which Takata portrays it, or is it more likely that the ceremony itself would in truth have been the highly honorable and traditional Japanese method of ritual suicide, hara–kiri (or seppuku)? As a Japanese woman telling her story, how would I have described such things to Americans in the wake of World War II and the attacks on Pearl Harbor? Hawayo Takata and Chujiro Hayashi c. 1938 Enlarge Image Hawayo Takata and Chujiro Hayashi c. 1938 From an uncredited source All of these things added immensely to my reading of this part of the book. But there are other treats too.

The next part of the book serves as a very clear description of what Reiki is on the part of the author. It really is a joy to find something like this written in such clear and easy–to–understand language. Because it is concise and to the point, it also makes for a very good introduction to Reiki for anyone that has not previously been introduced to it. “Reiki means Universal Life Energy and we are all composed of this energy. Everyone can use this energy for healing — and I can teach you how!” — Hawayo Takata But the real gem in my view is left until the final third of the book. Collected here are short stories or anecdotes that Hawayo Takata used to tell her students as part of her teaching. Each describes how a particular ailment or illness was treated using Reiki, and together they give a fascinating insight into how Takata went about healing those who came to see her.

So we get to discover not only what kind of Reiki treatments Takata recommended for different illnesses, but we also get to read about each case in Takata’s own words and writing style. This last aspect in itself gives us additional insights into the way that she taught, and to a certain extent, also into her way of thinking. True, it is entirely possible that these stories were colored with the same brush that painted her life story, but this in itself is revealing, and simply for the insights this provides, I would buy this book on the strength of this last section alone. So where does all this leave us, then? Well, as an account of Takata’s own life story and her rise to prominence in the world of Reiki, what is present appears to be reasonably complete. Where it is lacking is toward the latter years of Takata’s life.

The detail in the account begins to fade some time after the events of World War II, and the last decade or so is covered only very briefly. It appears as though the author either did not to have access to relevant information, or perhaps was not afforded the time to collect it — by the author’s own admission, Takata sadly went into transition before the manuscript for the book could be completed. Perhaps this also then is the reason why the content of the book appears to be mixed and not solely about what is advertised on the covers. As an insight into Takata’s way of teaching from the many collected anecdotes, which we are told are in her own words and writing style, I think this is priceless. To conclude, this makes a great read for anyone with an interest in the life of Hawayo Takata, and in particular for those with an inquisitive interest in her account of established events.

In addition, and on account of the author’s clear writing style and concise explanations, it also doubles as a wonderful, easy–to–read, and uplifting introduction to Reiki for anyone wanting to know more about the subject. If you have an inquisitive mind, can set aside the slightly misleading title, and simply enjoy the surprise content, you are in for a treat! I like it!

Click here to contact the author YADIRA

Reiki: Hawayo Takata’s Story – Buy the book here

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The information in this article is for educational purposes only, and is not intended as medical advice.

Rheumatoid The skin is the body’s largest organ and represents approximately 20% of the body’s weight and it requires about one third of the body’s circulating blood to keep it healthy. It is the interface between the body’s internal structures and the environment serving as a protective coat against mechanical injury.

It plays a vital role in body temperature regulation, sensory perception, and some immunological responses. The skin also plays an important role in elimination and has sometimes been called the third kidney. The skin’s main release of toxins is through perspiration and can excrete up to two pounds of waste daily.

When we look at the structure of the skin we see that it is divided into a number of different layers.

• The first layer is the epidermis which is stratified squamous epithelium. The main cells of the epithelium are the keratinocytes, which synthesize the protein keratin. The four separate layers of the epidermis are formed by the differing stages of keratin maturation.

o The Stratum basale is the innermost layer of the epidermis and lies adjacent to the dermis. It is comprised mainly of dividing and non-dividing keratinocytes. As keratinocytes divide and differentiate they move from this deeper layer upward towards the surface.

o The Stratum spinosum is formed by the maturing basal cells as they move upward toward the surface.

o The Stratum graulosum is formed as a result of the continuing migration of the basal cells towards the surface of the skin.

o The Stratum Corneum, also called the horny layer, is the outermost layer. Here the cells are tightly compacted, tough and scaly. These cells remain on the surface of the skin for about two weeks and are shed as new cells push their way up to the surface from below. This layer serves the important function of being the main physical barrier to the environment and shields against environmental substances including Ultraviolet rays. These overlapping cells are covered by a thin layer called the Acid Mantle which helps the outer layer to retain moisture.

This natural acidic covering over the top layer protects against bacterial build up and consists mainly of lactic acid and sodium salt mixed with the sebaceous fluids. The acid mantle ranges between 4.5 and 4.5 for most individuals under normal circumstances. This outer layer also contains natural chemicals, often referred to as the Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF) that aid in maintaining the moisture balance of the skin. When the NMF and acid mantle are maintained, skin retains a soft, moist and supple appearance.

Many factors can contribute to the compromise of this balance including sun damage, unhealthy diet and incorrect cleansing regimes.The movement of epidermal cells to this layer usually takes anywhere from 15 to 28 days depending on the age and health of the individual and is known as the epidermal transit time.The epidermis varies in thickness from 0.05mm on the eyelids to 0.8 – 1.5 mm on the soles of the feet and palms of the hand.

• The next layer is the dermis which is composed of a tough, supportive cell matrix and ranges in thickness from 0.6mm on the eyelids to 3 mm on the back, palms and soles. The dermis is divided into two layers. The thin papillary layer lies below the epidermis and connects with it containing thin loosely arranged collagen fibers. The thicker reticular layer extends from the base of the papillary layer to the subcutaneous layer and contains thicker bundles of collagen.

Within the dermis one finds fibroblasts which produce collagen, elastin and structural proteoglycans, as well as immuno-competent mast cells and macrophanges. Collagen fibers make up about 70% of the dermis giving it strength and toughness. Elastin maintains normal elasticity and flexibility while proteoglycans provide viscosity and hydration. Embedded within the fibrous tissue of the dermis are the dermal blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerve cells and fibers, sweat glands, hair roods and small quantities of striated muscle.

• Beneath the dermis is the subcutaneous layer which is made up of loose connective tissue and fat, this can be up to 3 cm thick on the abdomen.
Skin can further be divided into a number of different types:
Normal Skin – here the oil glands produce sebum at a moderate rate, resulting in a balanced state neither too dry nor too oily. Normal skin looks plumb, moist and vibrant. It benefits from regular cleansing, toning and moisturizing.

Essential oils considered suitable for Normal Skin include: Roman chamomile, clary sage, lavender, geranium, neroli, patchouli, rose and cedarwood.
Carriers considered suitable for Normal Skins include: sweet almond, apricot, avocado, coconut, grapeseed, jojoba, olive, sesame seed
Oily skin – here the glands produce excess oil that results in a greasy, slippery texture which is frequently accompanied by large, clogged pores. Oily skin is prone to develop acne. Oily skin benefits from periodic aromatic steam treatments and clay masks.

Essential oils considered suitable for Oily Skins include: cajeput, cedarwood, cypress, fennel, frankincense, geranium, jasmine, juniper, lavender, rosemary, palmarosa, tea tree, vetiver and ylang ylang.
Carriers considered suitable for Oily Skins include: grapeseed, hazelnut.

Dry Skin – this is cause by under or inactive oil glands that do not produce enough sebum to keep the skin naturally lubricated. It is characterized by a dull appearance and often has flakes and scales. Dry skin feels itchy and taut and is often sensitive.

It is important to hydrate skin regularly from the inside by drinking lots of fresh water, as well as to moisturize and protect the skin with rich oils. Dry skin is more prone to forming wrinkles than any other skin type. Dry skin benefits from rich formulas containing a balanced combination of oil and water to soothe and hydrate.

Essential Oils considered suitable for Dry Skin include: basil, Roman chamomile, frankincense, lavender, jasmine, myrrh, neroli, patchouli, rose, rosemary, sandalwood and ylang ylang.

Carriers considered suitable for Dry Skins include: Sweet almond oil, olive oil, avocado oil, rosehip.

Combination Skin – here there are both dry and oily patches on the skin and is one of the most common skin types. It is often seen as an oily T-zone, covering the forehead, nose and chin while the skin around the eyes, cheeks and mouth is normal or dry. It is most helpful to treat each area with the appropriate product.

Essential Oils considered suitable for Combination Skin include: Roman chamomile, lavender and rose.

Carriers considered suitable for Combination Skins include: Hazelnut, Jojoba oil.

Mature Skin – this is characterized by moisture loss and advanced collagen cross-linkage which shows up in wrinkles or facial lines. Sagging skin is a normal occurrence of the aging process.

Essential Oils considered suitable for Mature Skin include: clary sage, cypress, fennel, frankincense, geranium, lavender, neroli, rose, sandalwood, spikenard.

Carriers considered suitable for Mature Skins include: apricot, avocado oil, jojoba oil.

Sensitive Skin – can be dry, normal or oil and is characterized by its delicacy. It requires special treatment as it often reacts adversely to cosmetics containing alcohol, synthetically manufactured ingredients, fragrance oils and artificial colors. It benefits from using gentle natural products.

Essential Oils considered suitable for Sensitive Skin include: Roman and German chamomile, jasmine, lavender, neroli, and rose.

Carriers considered suitable for Sensitive Skins include: sweet almond, apricot, avocado, coconut, grapeseed, jojoba, olive, sesame seed.
Many carrier oils like sweet almond, apricot, avocado, coconut, grapeseed, jojoba, olive, sesame seed are suitable for all skin types however the oils noted under each section are particularly helpful for that skin type.

Once we have identified our own particular skin type it becomes simple to create a specialized aromatherapy protocol for skin care using essential oil based products. We should also incorporate a regular facial into our normal skin care regime making sure we incorporate the steps of clean, exfoliate, steam, massage, mask and moisturize.

Beverley Hawkins
West Coast Institute of Aromatherapy

http://www.westcoastaromatherapy.com

Visit Diffuser World for the Finest Aromatherapy Supplies

The information in this article is for educational purposes only, and is not intended as medical advice.

Aromatherapy is a form of alternative medicine that makes use of the body’s sense of smell to help boost your mood, relieve stress as well as encourage better health. Aromatherapy uses volatile liquid plant materials called essential oils, and other compounds from plants for the purpose of healing.

Various fragrant substances are used during aromatherapy sessions, such as aromatherapy soy candles, and each smell can produce a different result. For example, peppermint and eucalyptus scents are often used to help stimulate the body for people who are feeling sluggish. Lavender and chamomile can have the opposite effect as it helps a person relax. Lemon and rosemary are effective at revitalizing a tired body.

Our sense of smell is very powerful. In fact, the body can distinguish around 10,000 different scents! As a scent is inhaled, the smell travels across the olfactory nerves located inside the nose and then up into the part of the brain that controls our moods, our memories and our ability to learn. This area is called the Limbic System and when stimulated it releases endorphins, neurotransmitters and other ‘feel-good’ chemicals. In other words, aromatherapy triggers various responses in the body.

Aromatherapy also works by absorbing the essential oils that have been extracted from plants, fruits, herbs and flowers into the blood stream. This method is perfectly safe and if you’ve ever rubbed a fragrant lotion, cream or ointment into your skin or received a massage, you’ve already indulged in this type of aromatherapy.

Fragrances used in aromatherapy are many and are commonly added to:

· Lotions

· Inhalants

· Gels

· Candles

· Bath salts

· Vaporizers

· Perfumes, and

· Room sprays

Aromatherapy oils extracted from naturally occurring materials are unlike synthetic fragrances and perfumes which can cause allergies and irritation. Essential oils are safe to use for every one and evidence of its use has been found as far back as Ancient Egyptian civilizations.

Benefits of Aromatherapy

You don’t have to pay someone a fortune to do it – it is something you can learn to do at home

Many people seek out professional massage therapists or visit expensive spas for their aromatherapy sessions. While this is a great way to indulge if you can afford to, it’s easy to learn how to do aromatherapy right in the comfort of your own home. All you need are some candles, essential oils or bath oils and a burner or diffuser. You will also want to find a comfortable space for your aromatherapy session where you can totally relax.

There’s nothing unhealthy about it – Aromatherapy is a completely natural approach that will improve your health.

Aromatherapy is a great alternative to other treatment options such as prescription medications and caffeine. When used properly, there are no or very few side effects. Some of the side effects that can emerge are due primarily to a person’s sensitivity to certain ingredients that they might have an allergic response to. Most people are aware of their particular sensitivities so you can easily avoid those.

Aromatherapy is great for alleviating minor discomforts before they become a big deal!

While aromatherapy isn’t going to cure a major illness, it is very effective at:

· alleviating minor aches and pains in joints

· improving the functionality of the immune system

· relieving the symptoms of menstrual cramps

· improving your skin tone

· relaxing muscles (something you can do every day if you want)

· lowering blood pressure

· clearing congestion

· improving circulation to the scalp which helps reduce dandruff and helps promote healthy hair growth

· relieving tension that causes headaches, and

· improving sleep

For more information about essential oils go to The Reference Guide for Essential Oils

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The information in this article is for educational purposes only, and is not intended as medical advice.

Meditation happens when you are able to transcend the mind and connect with your source or what some call spirit or God. To get there requires much discipline because one needs to know how to relax the physical body and calm your mind. Therein lies the rub; it’s not easy and it requires some self-regulation.

People who meditate well often report significant benefits including more peace of mind, less stress, increased awareness, the ability focus easier, as well as an increased ability to concentrate. In addition, your outlook on life naturally becomes more positive because you are attuning to a level of happiness not accessed prior to meditation.

The most important principle for beginning meditators to understand is how to encourage the mind to stop drifting away. For example, when we first sit to meditate, we immediately become aware of how loud the mind actually is. For most of us, it never stops talking and we often notice it most when we are trying to go to sleep at night. So the first thing you need to learn is how to move past that restlessness of the mind.

Keep in mind that learning to meditate requires effort at first. But then it will become easier and an essential part of your well-being that you can’t wait to do every day. The benefits are tremendous and you will know this intimately as your experiences become direct and personal.
A lot of the work that people are currently doing in focusing on being positive will help you greatly in becoming a better meditator. For example, if you have already healed parts of your personality that were damaged or confused from childhood, it will be easier for you to calm the mind.

If you know how to focus on the positive things in your life and can easily release the negative, you will be ahead of the game in learning to meditate. But the main thing is to begin your practice of meditation and do not stop until you succeed.

How will you know when your meditation is successful? Good question.

The answer is when you come out of a session of meditation and you realize that an hour has gone by and it feels like it was only a few minutes. That means you went deep. What a thrill that is.

A few basic rules include: sit in a location where you won’t be disturbed. Maybe your bedroom or just any quiet place where you know you can be alone for awhile. You don’t want to get deep into meditation and be disturbed by a ringing phone or door bell if at all possible. If incense makes you relax, go ahead and burn it. Ideally you want complete silence and as you grow in your ability to meditate, you will learn to adore silence even more.

Sit cross-legged with a straight back and your head resting comfortably on your shoulders. Make sure you are comfortable and that you aren’t experiencing tension anywhere; if possible. Wear loose, comfortable clothing. If you know how to do some yoga postures, this will help alleviate physical stress so you can sit more comfortably for meditation.

One simple technique to meditate is to simply chant the word OM – at first out loud maybe 10 times and then allow the chant to go quieter until you are only chanting it internally. If the mind drifts to anything other than chanting OM, kindly bring it back to the word OM.

Just know that, at first, your mind will want to wander to things such as your day’s activity, or what you need to do next, or that thing that happened at work … but don’t let it! This is the challenge you must win in a kind and gentle manner. Just encourage your mind to come back stay with OM and keep practicing. It will get easier.

If you want to learn more meditation or breathing techniques as well as more about Hatha and Ashtanga yoga postures, go to the Yoga Center of California website.

Studies have shown that meditation does bring about beneficial physiologic effects to the body not to mention all of the mental, emotional and spiritual benefits.

People have known for thousands of years about the many blessings meditation offers and now even the Western medical community is beginning to wake up to how helpful meditation can even be in the healing process.

But one thing is for sure – anyone who is a long-time meditator will tell you that the benefits far outweigh the effort. So what are you waiting for? Go meditate.

Visit Diffuser World for the Finest Aromatherapy Supplies

The information in this article is for educational purposes only, and is not intended as medical advice.

Massage feels sinfully good, doesn’t it? The truth is, massage is one of the best things you can do for yourself; especially during times of change such as menopause.

This soothing therapy has been shown to lower blood press, reduce muscle pain, improve joint flexibility and alleviate headaches, just to name a few of its healing powers.

Most people think of massage in terms of muscle aches, but it’s much more than that. It increases blood flow to your muscles, tissue and every cell in your body which brings oxygen and nutrients to these critical areas. It also stimulates lymphatic flow, improving tissue drainage and the immune system.

Here are some of the different strokes you have to choose from:

Acupressure

An ancient Chinese technique involves the therapist using his fingers to press key points on the skin to release muscle tension and promote circulation and energy flow. Acupuncture and acupressure use the same points, but acupuncture involves needles. The pressure restores balance to the body and treats ailments such as headaches, menstrual cramps and constipation.

Swedish Massage

This is probably the most common form of massage in the US. Its main goal is relaxation and improved circulation. The therapist applies oil to the skin and uses flowing strokes and kneading movements to relieve tension from the muscles.

Deep Tissue Massage

This type of massage is more vigorous and uses various styles to loosen the muscles. It helps break patterns of tension, relieves chronic pain, including inflammation-related pain such as tendonitis and improves range of motion.

Shiatsu

Shiatsu is Japanese for “finger pressure.” This technique is similar to acupressure where the practitioner uses their finger, thumb, palm, elbow, knee (and sometimes even walk on you) to put pressure on acupuncture healing points. This unblocks the flow of energy and encourages blood and lymphatic flow. It also promotes relaxation and strengthens the body against disease and restores balance.

Sports Massage

This treatment incorporates several massage techniques which is great for athletes. It keeps the body flexible, increases performance and assists in rehabilitation from an injury.

Hot Stone Therapy

During this therapy, heated stones are placed strategically on the body which dilates blood vessels and gets blood and oxygen flowing into tense areas. It can feel like a body “rush.” The soothing heat can also prepare the body for deep-tissue work as well as alleviate PMS symptoms.

Aromatherapy Massage

The therapist incorporates essential oils extracted from herbs, flowers and roots into the massage. They select the proper oils based on a particular physical condition and blend them into a massage oil or lotion. The end result is a relaxing massage tailored to your individual needs.

Reiki

This therapy is an Eastern method meaning “universal life energy.” It brings healing energy to the organs and glands in order to bring the body back into balance and help prevent disease. The massage practitioner places their hands on or just above the body to realign chakras and dissolve toxic substances from your physical and emotional being. People often feel warmth or tingling sensations during Reiki.

Pregnancy Massage

This massage focuses on a pregnant woman’s needs including swollen hands and feet, stress on weight-bearing joints, exhaustion and lower back pain. And of course the practitioner positions you to accommodate your baby bump.

Craniosacral Therapy

This therapy involves the Craniosacral system which extends from the skull to the bottom of the spine and consists of the brain, spinal cord, cerebrospinal fluid and surrounding membranes. The practitioner uses a light touch to restore cerebrospinal fluid movement. This can help treat such conditions as headaches, eye and ear problems as well as whiplash and back pain.

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The information in this article is for educational purposes only, and is not intended as medical advice.